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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2023.21.14.001
VALENTIN KONSTANTINOVICH GARDANOV: THE PORTRAIT OF THE RESEARCHER OF THE CAUCASUSAGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE EPOCH
Kurichev, Konstantin V.
Kavkaz Forum. 2023. Issue 14.
Abstract:
The paper aims to embalm the memory of the life and professional
activity of the Ossetian intellectual Valentin Konstantinovich Gardanov,
who made a substantial contribution to the development of the Caucasian
studies. For the first time, the paper brings together and analyzes various
sources describing Gardanov’s life: essays illustrating his contribution to the
science, historiographical studies, memoirs of his colleagues and relatives.
This allowed to reveal the impact of historical events of the 20th century on
his life. It is shown, that several generations of the Gardanovs were collectors
of the Ossetian folklore and Nart legends, and in addition, thanks to the
inclusion of Ossetia to the Russian culture in the 19th century, they had gone
a way from a highlander-peasant to a graduate of the Moscow University.
This had determined the Gardanov’s professional choice as an historian and
ethnographer. The development of education and science in the young Soviet
country in 1920s – 1930s had contributed to the rapid professional growth of
V. K. Gardanov. Various aspects of Gardanov’s activities – research activity,
museology, teaching, and training of specialists in the Caucasus history and
ethnography – are analyzed. The dramatic events of Gardanov’s life during the
1930-1950 repressions, which affected many of his colleagues and relatives, are
considered. It is shown, that these events had forced him to abandon research
of the Caucasian War history. The social system of the Adygs in the 18th – 19th
centuries had become a new subject matter of his scientific studies. He has
analyzed the processes of formation and development of feudalism among
the Adygs, proved that they had feudal land tenure, and showed that both
agriculture and cattle breeding which share varied depending on the residence
area had an important role in the Adygs’ economy. The breadth of scientific
interests of Gardanov, who investigated the institutions of education in the
early feudal society on the instance of different peoples, is marked. He analyzed
patronage and “atalychestvo” among the Adygs, the “uncles” and “kormil’stvo”
institutes in Ancient Russia. In addition, Gardanov contributed a lot to training
many postgraduate students in ethnography of all North Caucasian regions.
Keywords: V. K. Gardanov, Caucasian war, ethnography, Adyg studies, Ossetian studies.
For citation: Kurichev, K. V. Valentin Konstantinovich Gardanov: the portrait
of the researcher of the Caucasus against the background of the epoch.
KAVKAZ-FORUM. 2023, iss. 14 (21), pp. 43-61 . (In Russian).
DOI 10.46698/VNC.2023.21.14.001
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