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DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2022.19.12.006

THE UNITY OF THE PEOPLES OF THE KABARDINO-BALKARIAN ASSR IN THE BATTLE FOR THE CAUCASUS AND DURING THE OCCUPATION OF ITS TERRITORY (1942-1943)

Kokoeva, Laura A.
Kavkaz Forum. 2022. Issue 12.
Abstract:
In the centuries-old history of Russia, the Great Patriotic War, brightly
saturated with destructive battles, was one of the most significant and tragic
events in the history of the 20th century. It left grave consequences for our
peoples, which are felt to this day. The article analyzes the defensive military
operations in Kabardino-Balkaria, the cohesion of the civilian population under
the Nazi occupation from August 12, 1942 to January 8, 1943. The contribution
and participation of peoples in helping the Red Army, their courage and bravery,
highlight the main defense measures and the development of strategic sectors
of the national economy during the battle for the Caucasus. The problem of the
rear has been studied, where special attention is focused on the labor heroism of
the population. In particular, understanding the complexity of the martial law,
the evacuation of the population, livestock, raw materials, and industrial facilities
from the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist
Republic is being carried out, which is considered on the basis of an analysis of
archival materials. It was established that the measures of state bodies for the
evacuation were belated and were not implemented in full. Based on archival
sources, the total number of the evacuated population, livestock and equipment
is given. The organization of the partisan movement in the occupied territory of
the republic was revealed, the prerequisites and causes of their weaknesses were
highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the military operations of the 37th
Army in the defense and liberation of the territory of the KBASSR, where battles in
the Elbrus direction play an important role. An analysis of such questions reveals
the gradual improvement and deepening of the research process in this area.
Keywords: Kabardino-Balkaria, Nazi Germany, war, occupation, heroism, partisan movement
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