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DOI: 10.46698/d0196-2380-8787-f
PROBLEMS OF STUDYING KARACHAI-BALKAR NART SAGAS IN THE LIGHT OF VSEVOLOD MILLER’S OBSERVATIONS
Rakhno, Konstantin Yu.
Kavkaz Forum. 2020. Issue 4.
Abstract:
The existence of the strong Alanian substrate among the Balkars and
Karachai has been established by numerous studies of ethnologists and linguists.
But in the discussion about the origin of these peoples, the material of the Nart
legends prevailing among them is still little used. The genesis of the Karachai-
Balkarian Nart epic remains unclear. For example, the connection of the first
fixations of sagas with the names of the Balkar Prince Ismail Urusbiev and his two
sons, Safar-Ali and Nauruz, is of interest. The fact is that Prince Ismail perfectly
knew the Ossetian and Adyghe folklore, therefore he could well act as a link in
the transmission of Ossetian legends in the Balkar language. Apparently, the
repertoire known to the Urusbievs was noticeably different from what is now
known as the Karachai-Balkarian epic, and the population under their control
felt like akin to the Ossetians for a long time. An important point is that the Nart
legends of the Karachai and Balkars are concentrated around the figure of the
blacksmith Debet. On closer examination, Debet turns out to be identical with the
Old Testament and the Koranic prophet David, with whom he is related, first of
all, by the knowledge of blacksmithing and power over metals. It seems that the
borrowed legends about the Narts from the Balkars and Karachais were artificially
attached to the Jewish and Islamic legends. Finally, an important, previously
unexplored issue is the assumption of certain Balkarian researchers that in the
epos the giants, smelling the scent of a Nart, say that they smell the smell of an
As. Comparison with the folklore materials of the Nogais showed that what was
really meant was the smell of meat food. This is also confirmed by similar words,
echoe-twins in other Turkic languages.
Keywords: Balkars, Karachais, Ossetians, Nogays, Nart epos, folklore.
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