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Ossetic Preverbs
Şahingöz, [Tsoriti] Emine M. A.
Kavkaz Forum. 2020. Issue 3.
Abstract:
The preverbs, the original function of which is to express spatial bonds, have been studied in a number of the researches on the Ossetic language. Special importance is traditionally attached to morphological, semantic, and phonetic processes which accompany the derivational stage, when verb stems merge with preverbs. The phonological phenomena is illustrated through the differing processes which occur in the Iron and Digor variants of the Ossetic language. Mainly they occur at the morpheme border and include epenthesis in form of consonant or semi-vowel, vowel change and gemination of the verb‘s initial consonant or semivowel. The development of the deictic function of the preverbs has a typological similarity to Georgian: aspectual verbal prefixes developed from adverbial particles with a directional function. The horizontal and vertical deixis, as well as extrovertive (oriented away from the speaker), and introvertive (oriented to the speaker), are distinct in Ossetic and are comparable with Georgian. The number of preverbs is critically reviewed and it has been suggested to identify as preverbs eight elements in the Iron and seven in Digor variants, their spatial and grammatical (more precisely: aspectual) functions are discussed as well as their functionality with in terms of historical and unproductive preverbs. This work is the first part of a broad work on Ossetic preverbs. It displays topics such as the phonological phenomena that are caused by the preverbs, tmesis where elements stand between the preverb and the word stem, compound verbs and the spatial functions of the preverbs, also known as orienṭacia.
Keywords: Ossetic, preverbs, phonetic process, epenthesis, spatial functions, comparative analysis
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